数据库 发布日期:2024/12/23 浏览次数:1
当需要再次安装SQL Server时,如果序列号找不到了,可以试着从已经安装的实例里找回序列号,因为安装完SQL Server后,序列号(Product Key)被保存在注册表里;
MSDN订阅下载的安装包是内置序列号的,则没有这个困扰。
一. 序列号保存在哪
通过无文档记载的扩展存储过程xp_regread读取注册表:
--For SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2 use master GO exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Setup','ProductCode' exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Setup','DigitalProductID' GO --For SQL Server 2012 use master GO exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Setup','ProductCode' exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Setup','DigitalProductId' GO
不要被ProductCode迷惑,就算只安装了SQL Server客户端,注册表里也会有这个键值,并不是序列号,DigitalProductID才是,但经过了Base24编码,需要解码才行。
可以看到,对于不同版本,注册表的路径不一样,但是键是一致的。
Express版是免费的,没有序列号,从而注册表也没DigitalProductID这个键。
二. 如何解码序列号
1. Base24, Base64 编码简介
可能很多人听说过Base64编码,它用于对比较长的字符串进行编码,以方便传输;
Base24编码主要应用在序列号生成上,两者的实现思路是类似的,只是编码的模式有点变化。
Base64所对应的编码表是:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=
共计64个字符。
Base24所对应的编码表是:
BCDFGHJKMPQRTVWXY2346789
共计24个字符,这里主要去掉了一些对于序列号来说不容易识别和容易混淆的字符。
SQL Server的序列号采用的是Base24编码,对编码后的字符进行解码,即可以得到原文。
编码/解码并不是加密/解密,没有秘钥的说法,只有字符转换的规则,Base24, Base64详细的算法可以在网上找到。
2. 利用Powershell 解码
以下powershell函数用于解码/找回SQL Server序列号,在SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2实例上测试通过:
function Get-SQLServerKey { ## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2008 Server. param ($targets = ".") $hklm = 2147483650 $regPath = "SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Setup" $regValue1 = "DigitalProductId" $regValue2 = "PatchLevel" $regValue3 = "Edition" Foreach ($target in $targets) { $productKey = $null $win32os = $null $wmi = [WMIClass]"\\$target\root\default:stdRegProv" $data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1) [string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue [string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue $binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66] $charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9" ## decrypt base24 encoded binary data For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) { $k = 0 For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) { $k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j] $binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24) $k = $k % 24 } $productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) { $productKey = "-" + $productKey } } $win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target $obj = New-Object Object $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey $obj } }
SQL Server 2012序列号里字符的格式发生了变化,$binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16] 不同于SQL Server 2008的$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66],同时别忘了改下注册表路径$regPath = "SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Setup",修改后如下,在SQL Server 2012实例上测试通过:
function Get-SQLServerKey { ## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2012 Server. ## by Jakob Bindslet (jakob@bindslet.dk) ## 2012 Modification by Xian Wang (daanno2@gmail.com) param ($targets = ".") $hklm = 2147483650 $regPath = "SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Setup" $regValue1 = "DigitalProductId" $regValue2 = "PatchLevel" $regValue3 = "Edition" Foreach ($target in $targets) { $productKey = $null $win32os = $null $wmi = [WMIClass]"\\$target\root\default:stdRegProv" $data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1) [string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue [string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue $binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16] $charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9" ## decrypt base24 encoded binary data For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) { $k = 0 For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) { $k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j] $binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24) $k = $k % 24 } $productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) { $productKey = "-" + $productKey } } $win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target $obj = New-Object Object $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition $obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey $obj } }
3. 调用powershell函数并输出序列号
打开powershell,把上面的函数贴进去,回车,输入Get-SQLServerKey 并回车;
或者把上面的函数存为.ps1文件直接引用:
PS C:\Windows\system32> . C:\Users\username\Desktop\pk.ps1 PS C:\Windows\system32> Get-SQLserverKey
输出结果如下,首尾几个字符被人为改成星号,没有贴出来。
Computer : . OSCaption : Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard OSArch : 64-bit SQLver : 11.2.5058.0 SQLedition : Developer Edition ProductKey : *****-G8T4R-QW4XX-BVH62-*****
对于SQL Server 2000, 2005,由于手头没有环境,没有测试;对于Office,Windows系统,应该也都可以通过类似的方式拿到序列号。
以上内容就是关于安装完成后如何找回SQL Server实例安装时的序列号,希望大家有所帮助。